Physicist Enrico Fermi achieved the first controlled nuclear chain reaction, paving the way for nuclear power and weaponry.
The world's first nuclear weapon test was conducted in New Mexico, marking the dawn of the atomic age.
Tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union escalated, leading to an era characterized by nuclear arms race and geopolitical rivalry.
A 13-day confrontation between the United States and the Soviet Union over Soviet ballistic missiles deployed in Cuba brought the world close to nuclear war.